<?php
/**
 * Core HTTP Request API
 *
 * Standardizes the HTTP requests for WordPress. Handles cookies, gzip encoding and decoding, chunk
 * decoding, if HTTP 1.1 and various other difficult HTTP protocol implementations.
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage HTTP
 */

/**
 * Returns the initialized WP_Http Object
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @return WP_Http HTTP Transport object.
 */
function _wp_http_get_object() {
	static $http = null;

	if ( is_null( $http ) ) {
		$http = new WP_Http();
	}
	return $http;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the raw response from a safe HTTP request.
 *
 * This function is ideal when the HTTP request is being made to an arbitrary
 * URL. The URL, and every URL it redirects to, are validated with wp_http_validate_url()
 * to avoid Server Side Request Forgery attacks (SSRF).
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 * @see wp_http_validate_url() For more information about how the URL is validated.
 *
 * @link https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Server_Side_Request_Forgery
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_safe_remote_request( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$args['reject_unsafe_urls'] = true;
	$http                       = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->request( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the raw response from a safe HTTP request using the GET method.
 *
 * This function is ideal when the HTTP request is being made to an arbitrary
 * URL. The URL, and every URL it redirects to, are validated with wp_http_validate_url()
 * to avoid Server Side Request Forgery attacks (SSRF).
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 * @see wp_http_validate_url() For more information about how the URL is validated.
 *
 * @link https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Server_Side_Request_Forgery
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_safe_remote_get( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$args['reject_unsafe_urls'] = true;
	$http                       = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->get( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the raw response from a safe HTTP request using the POST method.
 *
 * This function is ideal when the HTTP request is being made to an arbitrary
 * URL. The URL, and every URL it redirects to, are validated with wp_http_validate_url()
 * to avoid Server Side Request Forgery attacks (SSRF).
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 * @see wp_http_validate_url() For more information about how the URL is validated.
 *
 * @link https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Server_Side_Request_Forgery
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_safe_remote_post( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$args['reject_unsafe_urls'] = true;
	$http                       = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->post( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the raw response from a safe HTTP request using the HEAD method.
 *
 * This function is ideal when the HTTP request is being made to an arbitrary
 * URL. The URL, and every URL it redirects to, are validated with wp_http_validate_url()
 * to avoid Server Side Request Forgery attacks (SSRF).
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 * @see wp_http_validate_url() For more information about how the URL is validated.
 *
 * @link https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Server_Side_Request_Forgery
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_safe_remote_head( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$args['reject_unsafe_urls'] = true;
	$http                       = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->head( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Performs an HTTP request and returns its response.
 *
 * There are other API functions available which abstract away the HTTP method:
 *
 *  - Default 'GET'  for wp_remote_get()
 *  - Default 'POST' for wp_remote_post()
 *  - Default 'HEAD' for wp_remote_head()
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @see WP_Http::request() For information on default arguments.
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error {
 *     The response array or a WP_Error on failure.
 *
 *     @type string[]                       $headers       Array of response headers keyed by their name.
 *     @type string                         $body          Response body.
 *     @type array                          $response      {
 *         Data about the HTTP response.
 *
 *         @type int|false    $code    HTTP response code.
 *         @type string|false $message HTTP response message.
 *     }
 *     @type WP_HTTP_Cookie[]               $cookies       Array of response cookies.
 *     @type WP_HTTP_Requests_Response|null $http_response Raw HTTP response object.
 * }
 */
function wp_remote_request( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$http = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->request( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Performs an HTTP request using the GET method and returns its response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_remote_get( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$http = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->get( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Performs an HTTP request using the POST method and returns its response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_remote_post( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$http = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->post( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Performs an HTTP request using the HEAD method and returns its response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @see wp_remote_request() For more information on the response array format.
 * @see WP_Http::request() For default arguments information.
 *
 * @param string $url  URL to retrieve.
 * @param array  $args Optional. Request arguments. Default empty array.
 *                     See WP_Http::request() for information on accepted arguments.
 * @return array|WP_Error The response or WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_remote_head( $url, $args = array() ) {
	$http = _wp_http_get_object();
	return $http->head( $url, $args );
}

/**
 * Retrieves only the headers from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 * @since 4.6.0 Return value changed from an array to an WpOrg\Requests\Utility\CaseInsensitiveDictionary instance.
 *
 * @see \WpOrg\Requests\Utility\CaseInsensitiveDictionary
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @return \WpOrg\Requests\Utility\CaseInsensitiveDictionary|array The headers of the response, or empty array
 *                                                                 if incorrect parameter given.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_headers( $response ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || ! isset( $response['headers'] ) ) {
		return array();
	}

	return $response['headers'];
}

/**
 * Retrieves a single header by name from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @param string         $header   Header name to retrieve value from.
 * @return array|string The header(s) value(s). Array if multiple headers with the same name are retrieved.
 *                      Empty string if incorrect parameter given, or if the header doesn't exist.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_header( $response, $header ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || ! isset( $response['headers'] ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	if ( isset( $response['headers'][ $header ] ) ) {
		return $response['headers'][ $header ];
	}

	return '';
}

/**
 * Retrieves only the response code from the raw response.
 *
 * Will return an empty string if incorrect parameter value is given.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @return int|string The response code as an integer. Empty string if incorrect parameter given.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $response ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || ! isset( $response['response'] ) || ! is_array( $response['response'] ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	return $response['response']['code'];
}

/**
 * Retrieves only the response message from the raw response.
 *
 * Will return an empty string if incorrect parameter value is given.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @return string The response message. Empty string if incorrect parameter given.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_response_message( $response ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || ! isset( $response['response'] ) || ! is_array( $response['response'] ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	return $response['response']['message'];
}

/**
 * Retrieves only the body from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @return string The body of the response. Empty string if no body or incorrect parameter given.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || ! isset( $response['body'] ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	return $response['body'];
}

/**
 * Retrieves only the cookies from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @return WP_Http_Cookie[] An array of `WP_Http_Cookie` objects from the response.
 *                          Empty array if there are none, or the response is a WP_Error.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_cookies( $response ) {
	if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || empty( $response['cookies'] ) ) {
		return array();
	}

	return $response['cookies'];
}

/**
 * Retrieves a single cookie by name from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @param string         $name     The name of the cookie to retrieve.
 * @return WP_Http_Cookie|string The `WP_Http_Cookie` object, or empty string
 *                               if the cookie is not present in the response.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_cookie( $response, $name ) {
	$cookies = wp_remote_retrieve_cookies( $response );

	if ( empty( $cookies ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	foreach ( $cookies as $cookie ) {
		if ( $cookie->name === $name ) {
			return $cookie;
		}
	}

	return '';
}

/**
 * Retrieves a single cookie's value by name from the raw response.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param array|WP_Error $response HTTP response.
 * @param string         $name     The name of the cookie to retrieve.
 * @return string The value of the cookie, or empty string
 *                if the cookie is not present in the response.
 */
function wp_remote_retrieve_cookie_value( $response, $name ) {
	$cookie = wp_remote_retrieve_cookie( $response, $name );

	if ( ! ( $cookie instanceof WP_Http_Cookie ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	return $cookie->value;
}

/**
 * Determines if there is an HTTP Transport that can process this request.
 *
 * @since 3.2.0
 *
 * @param array  $capabilities Array of capabilities to test or a wp_remote_request() $args array.
 * @param string $url          Optional. If given, will check if the URL requires SSL and adds
 *                             that requirement to the capabilities array.
 *
 * @return bool
 */
function wp_http_supports( $capabilities = array(), $url = null ) {
	$http = _wp_http_get_object();

	$capabilities = wp_parse_args( $capabilities );

	$count = count( $capabilities );

	// If we have a numeric $capabilities array, spoof a wp_remote_request() associative $args array.
	if ( $count && count( array_filter( array_keys( $capabilities ), 'is_numeric' ) ) === $count ) {
		$capabilities = array_combine( array_values( $capabilities ), array_fill( 0, $count, true ) );
	}

	if ( $url && ! isset( $capabilities['ssl'] ) ) {
		$scheme = parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_SCHEME );
		if ( 'https' === $scheme || 'ssl' === $scheme ) {
			$capabilities['ssl'] = true;
		}
	}

	return (bool) $http->_get_first_available_transport( $capabilities );
}

/**
 * Gets the HTTP Origin of the current request.
 *
 * @since 3.4.0
 *
 * @return string URL of the origin. Empty string if no origin.
 */
function get_http_origin() {
	$origin = '';
	if ( ! empty( $_SERVER['HTTP_ORIGIN'] ) ) {
		$origin = $_SERVER['HTTP_ORIGIN'];
	}

	/**
	 * Changes the origin of an HTTP request.
	 *
	 * @since 3.4.0
	 *
	 * @param string $origin The original origin for the request.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'http_origin', $origin );
}

/**
 * Retrieves list of allowed HTTP origins.
 *
 * @since 3.4.0
 *
 * @return string[] Array of origin URLs.
 */
function get_allowed_http_origins() {
	$admin_origin = parse_url( admin_url() );
	$home_origin  = parse_url( home_url() );

	// @todo Preserve port?
	$allowed_origins = array_unique(
		array(
			'http://' . $admin_origin['host'],
			'https://' . $admin_origin['host'],
			'http://' . $home_origin['host'],
			'https://' . $home_origin['host'],
		)
	);

	/**
	 * Changes the origin types allowed for HTTP requests.
	 *
	 * @since 3.4.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $allowed_origins {
	 *     Array of default allowed HTTP origins.
	 *
	 *     @type string $0 Non-secure URL for admin origin.
	 *     @type string $1 Secure URL for admin origin.
	 *     @type string $2 Non-secure URL for home origin.
	 *     @type string $3 Secure URL for home origin.
	 * }
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'allowed_http_origins', $allowed_origins );
}

/**
 * Determines if the HTTP origin is an authorized one.
 *
 * @since 3.4.0
 *
 * @param string|null $origin Origin URL. If not provided, the value of get_http_origin() is used.
 * @return string Origin URL if allowed, empty string if not.
 */
function is_allowed_http_origin( $origin = null ) {
	$origin_arg = $origin;

	if ( null === $origin ) {
		$origin = get_http_origin();
	}

	if ( $origin && ! in_array( $origin, get_allowed_http_origins(), true ) ) {
		$origin = '';
	}

	/**
	 * Changes the allowed HTTP origin result.
	 *
	 * @since 3.4.0
	 *
	 * @param string $origin     Origin URL if allowed, empty string if not.
	 * @param string $origin_arg Original origin string passed into is_allowed_http_origin function.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'allowed_http_origin', $origin, $origin_arg );
}

/**
 * Sends Access-Control-Allow-Origin and related headers if the current request
 * is from an allowed origin.
 *
 * If the request is an OPTIONS request, the script exits with either access
 * control headers sent, or a 403 response if the origin is not allowed. For
 * other request methods, you will receive a return value.
 *
 * @since 3.4.0
 *
 * @return string|false Returns the origin URL if headers are sent. Returns false
 *                      if headers are not sent.
 */
function send_origin_headers() {
	$origin = get_http_origin();

	if ( is_allowed_http_origin( $origin ) ) {
		header( 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin: ' . $origin );
		header( 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true' );
		if ( 'OPTIONS' === $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] ) {
			exit;
		}
		return $origin;
	}

	if ( 'OPTIONS' === $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] ) {
		status_header( 403 );
		exit;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
 * Validates a URL for safe use in the HTTP API.
 *
 * Examples of URLs that are considered unsafe:
 *
 * - ftp://example.com/caniload.php - Invalid protocol - only http and https are allowed.
 * - http:///example.com/caniload.php - Malformed URL.
 * - http://user:pass@example.com/caniload.php - Login information.
 * - http://exampleeeee.com/caniload.php - Invalid hostname, as the IP cannot be looked up in DNS.
 *
 * Examples of URLs that are considered unsafe by default:
 *
 * - http://192.168.0.1/caniload.php - IPs from LAN networks.
 *   This can be changed with the {@see 'http_request_host_is_external'} filter.
 * - http://198.143.164.252:81/caniload.php - By default, only 80, 443, and 8080 ports are allowed.
 *   This can be changed with the {@see 'http_allowed_safe_ports'} filter.
 *
 * @since 3.5.2
 *
 * @param string $url Request URL.
 * @return string|false URL or false on failure.
 */
function wp_http_validate_url( $url ) {
	if ( ! is_string( $url ) || '' === $url || is_numeric( $url ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$original_url = $url;
	$url          = wp_kses_bad_protocol( $url, array( 'http', 'https' ) );
	if ( ! $url || strtolower( $url ) !== strtolower( $original_url ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$parsed_url = parse_url( $url );
	if ( ! $parsed_url || empty( $parsed_url['host'] ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	if ( isset( $parsed_url['user'] ) || isset( $parsed_url['pass'] ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	if ( false !== strpbrk( $parsed_url['host'], ':#?[]' ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$parsed_home = parse_url( get_option( 'home' ) );
	$same_host   = isset( $parsed_home['host'] ) && strtolower( $parsed_home['host'] ) === strtolower( $parsed_url['host'] );
	$host        = trim( $parsed_url['host'], '.' );

	if ( ! $same_host ) {
		if ( preg_match( '#^(([1-9]?\d|1\d\d|25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d)\.){3}([1-9]?\d|1\d\d|25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d)$#', $host ) ) {
			$ip = $host;
		} else {
			$ip = gethostbyname( $host );
			if ( $ip === $host ) { // Error condition for gethostbyname().
				return false;
			}
		}
		if ( $ip ) {
			$parts = array_map( 'intval', explode( '.', $ip ) );
			if ( 127 === $parts[0] || 10 === $parts[0] || 0 === $parts[0]
				|| ( 172 === $parts[0] && 16 <= $parts[1] && 31 >= $parts[1] )
				|| ( 192 === $parts[0] && 168 === $parts[1] )
			) {
				// If host appears local, reject unless specifically allowed.
				/**
				 * Checks if HTTP request is external or not.
				 *
				 * Allows to change and allow external requests for the HTTP request.
				 *
				 * @since 3.6.0
				 *
				 * @param bool   $external Whether HTTP request is external or not.
				 * @param string $host     Host name of the requested URL.
				 * @param string $url      Requested URL.
				 */
				if ( ! apply_filters( 'http_request_host_is_external', false, $host, $url ) ) {
					return false;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if ( empty( $parsed_url['port'] ) ) {
		return $url;
	}

	$port = $parsed_url['port'];

	/**
	 * Controls the list of ports considered safe in HTTP API.
	 *
	 * Allows to change and allow external requests for the HTTP request.
	 *
	 * @since 5.9.0
	 *
	 * @param int[]  $allowed_ports Array of integers for valid ports.
	 * @param string $host          Host name of the requested URL.
	 * @param string $url           Requested URL.
	 */
	$allowed_ports = apply_filters( 'http_allowed_safe_ports', array( 80, 443, 8080 ), $host, $url );
	if ( is_array( $allowed_ports ) && in_array( $port, $allowed_ports, true ) ) {
		return $url;
	}

	if ( $parsed_home && $same_host && isset( $parsed_home['port'] ) && $parsed_home['port'] === $port ) {
		return $url;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
 * Marks allowed redirect hosts safe for HTTP requests as well.
 *
 * Attached to the {@see 'http_request_host_is_external'} filter.
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @param bool   $is_external
 * @param string $host
 * @return bool
 */
function allowed_http_request_hosts( $is_external, $host ) {
	if ( ! $is_external && wp_validate_redirect( 'http://' . $host ) ) {
		$is_external = true;
	}
	return $is_external;
}

/**
 * Adds any domain in a multisite installation for safe HTTP requests to the
 * allowed list.
 *
 * Attached to the {@see 'http_request_host_is_external'} filter.
 *
 * @since 3.6.0
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param bool   $is_external
 * @param string $host
 * @return bool
 */
function ms_allowed_http_request_hosts( $is_external, $host ) {
	global $wpdb;
	static $queried = array();
	if ( $is_external ) {
		return $is_external;
	}
	if ( get_network()->domain === $host ) {
		return true;
	}
	if ( isset( $queried[ $host ] ) ) {
		return $queried[ $host ];
	}
	$queried[ $host ] = (bool) $wpdb->get_var( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT domain FROM $wpdb->blogs WHERE domain = %s LIMIT 1", $host ) );
	return $queried[ $host ];
}

/**
 * A wrapper for PHP's parse_url() function that handles consistency in the return values
 * across PHP versions.
 *
 * PHP 5.4.7 expanded parse_url()'s ability to handle non-absolute URLs, including
 * schemeless and relative URLs with "://" in the path. This function works around
 * those limitations providing a standard output on PHP 5.2~5.4+.
 *
 * Secondly, across various PHP versions, schemeless URLs containing a ":" in the query
 * are being handled inconsistently. This function works around those differences as well.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 * @since 4.7.0 The `$component` parameter was added for parity with PHP's `parse_url()`.
 *
 * @link https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php
 *
 * @param string $url       The URL to parse.
 * @param int    $component The specific component to retrieve. Use one of the PHP
 *                          predefined constants to specify which one.
 *                          Defaults to -1 (= return all parts as an array).
 * @return mixed False on parse failure; Array of URL components on success;
 *               When a specific component has been requested: null if the component
 *               doesn't exist in the given URL; a string or - in the case of
 *               PHP_URL_PORT - integer when it does. See parse_url()'s return values.
 */
function wp_parse_url( $url, $component = -1 ) {
	$to_unset = array();
	$url      = (string) $url;

	if ( str_starts_with( $url, '//' ) ) {
		$to_unset[] = 'scheme';
		$url        = 'placeholder:' . $url;
	} elseif ( str_starts_with( $url, '/' ) ) {
		$to_unset[] = 'scheme';
		$to_unset[] = 'host';
		$url        = 'placeholder://placeholder' . $url;
	}

	$parts = parse_url( $url );

	if ( false === $parts ) {
		// Parsing failure.
		return $parts;
	}

	// Remove the placeholder values.
	foreach ( $to_unset as $key ) {
		unset( $parts[ $key ] );
	}

	return _get_component_from_parsed_url_array( $parts, $component );
}

/**
 * Retrieves a specific component from a parsed URL array.
 *
 * @internal
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @link https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php
 *
 * @param array|false $url_parts The parsed URL. Can be false if the URL failed to parse.
 * @param int         $component The specific component to retrieve. Use one of the PHP
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[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Introduction” _builder_version=”4.16″ width_tablet=”” width_phone=”84%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”1973.1px” custom_margin=”|||” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”29px|0px|4px|0px||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”4″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Intro & Content” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ min_height=”1883.1px” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”auto” min_height_last_edited=”on|phone” height_tablet=”” height_phone=”auto” height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”0px||-57px||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”1px|0px|0px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” animation_style=”fade” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” min_height=”123.5px” custom_margin=”6px|-70px|45px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|0px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

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As businesses increasingly rely on Software as a Service (SaaS) solutions for their operations, they are confronted with the inevitable reality of price increases. While these hikes can strain budgets and disrupt workflows, the emergence of AI-powered tools offers a glimmer of hope. In this article, we explore several innovative ways AI is helping organizations counter SaaS price increases.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

How We Can Help You Save<\/h2>\n

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Several notable SaaS (Software as a Service) products have experienced significant price hikes over the years: Salesforce, GitHub, Zoom, and Zendesk for example.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

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    • We’ll build you your own and cut your software renewal fees.<\/li>\n
    • We analyze the software you use and how you use it<\/li>\n
    • We’ll write a proposal to cut out your vendors and replace it with software that you own.<\/li>\n
    • We can manage the hosting of your new software on public clouds such as Amazon AWS or Microsoft Azure.<\/li>\n
    • Based on typical clients, your replacement software will cost about 1-2 years of what you currently pay, but then cost only 10-20% to maintain than what you were paying before.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|14px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

      Benefits and Advantages<\/h2>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”124px” custom_margin=”|-150px|6px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

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      Using AI to replace costly SaaS (Software as a Service) solutions can offer several benefits and advantages for organizations. Here are some compelling reasons to consider this approach:<\/p>\n

      Cost Savings:<\/strong> One of the primary reasons to replace costly SaaS solutions with AI-driven alternatives is cost savings. AI can automate tasks and processes that might require expensive software subscriptions. By building or integrating AI solutions, organizations can reduce their software expenses significantly.<\/p>\n

      Customization:<\/strong> AI solutions can be tailored to the specific needs of an organization. Unlike off-the-shelf SaaS products, which offer predefined features and functionalities, AI can be trained and customized to perform tasks and provide insights that align precisely with the organization’s requirements.<\/p>\n

      Scalability:<\/strong> AI solutions can often scale more efficiently than SaaS subscriptions. As your organization grows, you can expand your AI infrastructure without incurring linear increases in costs, unlike SaaS, where additional users or features can lead to higher subscription fees.<\/p>\n

      Data Security:<\/strong> AI solutions can be developed with a strong focus on data security and privacy. Organizations can have more control over their data, reducing the risk of data breaches or unauthorized access associated with third-party SaaS providers.<\/p>\n

      Integration:<\/strong> AI can seamlessly integrate with existing systems and workflows, allowing organizations to enhance their processes without disrupting their current operations. This integration can lead to increased efficiency and productivity.<\/p>\n

      Automation and Efficiency:<\/strong> AI can automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks, freeing up human resources for more strategic and value-added activities. This can result in increased efficiency and reduced labor costs.<\/p>\n

      Predictive Analytics:<\/strong> AI can provide valuable predictive insights that help organizations make data-driven decisions. This can be particularly beneficial in various industries, such as finance, healthcare, and marketing, where predictive analytics can lead to cost savings and revenue generation.<\/p>\n

      Long-term Cost Control:<\/strong> AI solutions typically involve upfront development costs but can provide long-term cost control as they do not rely on recurring subscription fees. This can be especially advantageous for organizations looking to manage their budgets over time.<\/p>\n

      Competitive Advantage:<\/strong> Organizations that successfully leverage AI to replace costly SaaS solutions may gain a competitive advantage. They can allocate resources strategically and invest in innovative solutions that differentiate them from competitors.<\/p>\n

      It’s important to note that while AI offers numerous advantages, its implementation can also come with challenges, including the need for skilled AI talent, data quality, and ethical considerations. The decision to replace SaaS with AI should be based on a thorough assessment of the organization’s specific needs, goals, and available resources.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

      Smart SaaS Usage Optimization<\/h2>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”141px” custom_margin=”|-150px|1px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|17px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

      AI-driven tools for monitoring SaaS application usage and recommending cost-efficient alternatives or unused features are transforming how organizations manage their software expenses:<\/p>\n

      Usage Tracking: These tools continuously monitor how employees use SaaS applications, collecting data on feature utilization, frequency, and user engagement.<\/p>\n

      Recommendation Engine: AI algorithms analyze usage data and compare it to available features and pricing plans. They identify cost-efficient alternatives within the same SaaS ecosystem or suggest unused features that can replace or supplement existing subscriptions.<\/p>\n

      Examples of Companies Saving Money:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Company A<\/span>: After implementing an AI-driven usage monitoring tool, Company A identified that a significant portion of their team rarely used advanced features in their CRM software. By downgrading to a more cost-effective plan tailored to their actual needs, they reduced annual expenses by 30%.<\/p>\n

      Company B<\/span>: This tech startup found that their cloud storage expenses were steadily increasing. AI analysis revealed that many users were storing duplicate files unnecessarily. The AI tool recommended deduplication and a smarter file management strategy, resulting in a 25% reduction in storage costs.<\/p>\n

      Company C<\/span>: Company C was using multiple project management tools across different teams, leading to fragmented workflows and increased expenses. AI-driven analysis suggested consolidating to a single, more feature-rich solution that reduced subscription costs by 40%.<\/p>\n

      These examples highlight how AI-powered tools can help organizations make data-driven decisions, optimize their SaaS subscriptions, and achieve significant cost savings while maintaining or even improving productivity.<\/p>\n

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      SaaS Vendor Comparison and Alternatives<\/span><\/h2>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”143px” custom_margin=”|-150px|35px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

      AI-driven platforms that compare SaaS vendors play a crucial role in simplifying the software selection process for businesses. These platforms utilize artificial intelligence and data analytics to:<\/p>\n

      Pricing Comparison<\/span>: They collect pricing data from various SaaS providers and present it in a unified, easy-to-compare format, allowing businesses to identify cost-effective options.<\/p>\n

      Feature Analysis<\/span>: AI algorithms analyze the features offered by different vendors and generate side-by-side comparisons, helping organizations find solutions that align with their specific needs.<\/p>\n

      User Reviews<\/span>: These platforms aggregate user reviews and sentiment analysis to provide insights into the user experience, reliability, and support quality of SaaS products.<\/p>\n

      Recommendations<\/span>: AI-driven platforms often offer tailored recommendations based on a company’s requirements and budget constraints, facilitating informed decision-making.<\/p>\n

      How Businesses Can Use These Platforms:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Comprehensive Research<\/span>: Companies can use these platforms to gain a comprehensive understanding of the SaaS landscape, ensuring they make informed choices.<\/p>\n

      Cost-Efficiency<\/span>: By comparing pricing structures and available features, organizations can identify SaaS vendors that offer the best value for their investment.<\/p>\n

      User Satisfaction<\/span>: Analyzing user reviews and sentiment can help businesses gauge user satisfaction and potential issues with a particular vendor’s software.<\/p>\n

      Customization<\/span>: Businesses can tailor their search criteria to find SaaS solutions that precisely match their unique requirements, reducing the risk of overpaying for unnecessary features.<\/p>\n

      Time Savings<\/span>: These platforms streamline the research process, saving businesses valuable time that can be allocated to other critical tasks.<\/p>\n

      In a crowded SaaS market, AI-driven comparison platforms empower businesses to make well-informed decisions that align with their budget and needs, ultimately leading to more cost-effective and efficient software adoption.<\/p>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

      Case Studies<\/h2>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”50px” custom_margin=”|-150px|44px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

      Case Study 1: Tech Innovators Inc.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Background:<\/em> Tech Innovators Inc. is a medium-sized technology company that heavily relies on SaaS applications for various aspects of their operations. They’ve noticed recurring price hikes across multiple software tools, which posed a significant challenge to their budget management.<\/p>\n

      AI Solution Implementation:<\/em> Tech Innovators Inc. decided to implement an AI-driven cost prediction and optimization platform. The AI algorithms analyzed historical pricing data, detected patterns in price increases, and predicted potential future hikes for each SaaS product they used.<\/p>\n

      Results:<\/em><\/p>\n

      Proactive Budget Adjustments: With AI-generated price increase predictions, the company proactively adjusted their budgets to accommodate expected hikes.<\/p>\n

      Negotiation Success: Armed with data-backed insights, Tech Innovators Inc. engaged in more informed negotiations with their SaaS providers. They managed to secure better pricing terms and, in some cases, lock in current rates for an extended period.<\/p>\n

      Optimized Subscriptions: The AI platform identified several underutilized features in existing subscriptions and recommended downgrades to lower-tier plans, saving the company 15% on their SaaS expenses.<\/p>\n

      Case Study 2: Retail Plus Ltd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Background:<\/em> Retail Plus Ltd. is a national retail chain with numerous locations. They use various SaaS applications for inventory management, sales tracking, and customer engagement. Rising SaaS costs were impacting their profitability.<\/p>\n

      AI Solution Implementation:<\/em> Retail Plus Ltd. adopted an AI-powered SaaS optimization tool that continuously monitored usage patterns across their stores. It recommended cost-effective alternatives and identified unused features within their existing subscriptions.<\/p>\n

      Results:<\/em><\/p>\n

      Cost Reduction: The AI tool helped Retail Plus Ltd. identify duplicate SaaS subscriptions across different store locations. By consolidating these subscriptions and renegotiating with providers, they reduced SaaS expenses by 20%.<\/p>\n

      Improved Efficiency: By pinpointing underutilized features, the company optimized their workflows, enhancing operational efficiency and customer service.<\/p>\n

      Vendor Negotiations: With data-driven insights into their SaaS usage, Retail Plus Ltd. entered into more productive negotiations with their vendors, securing discounts and improved support packages.<\/p>\n

      These case studies showcase how AI-powered solutions can empower companies to proactively manage SaaS costs, negotiate effectively, and optimize their software subscriptions, ultimately resulting in significant cost savings and improved operational efficiency.<\/p>\n

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      Final Thoughts<\/h2>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”152px” custom_margin=”|-150px|39px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

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      In the ever-evolving landscape of Software as a Service (SaaS), where innovation and convenience often come with a price, AI-powered solutions are emerging as a formidable shield against the challenges of SaaS price hikes. As we’ve explored in this article, AI’s ability to analyze historical pricing data, optimize SaaS usage, and forecast future costs is transforming the way businesses approach software subscriptions.<\/p>\n

      No longer do organizations need to navigate the murky waters of SaaS pricing changes blindly. With AI-driven predictive models, companies can anticipate and plan for potential price increases, ensuring that their budgets remain on track and their financial stability intact. This proactive approach is not just a means of cost management; it’s a strategic advantage in a world where agility and adaptability are paramount.<\/p>\n

      AI also plays a pivotal role in optimizing SaaS usage. By monitoring application usage and recommending cost-efficient alternatives or unused features, businesses can trim unnecessary expenses while maintaining productivity. These AI-driven insights are more than just cost savings; they’re a pathway to efficiency and competitiveness.<\/p>\n

      Moreover, AI isn’t just a financial tool; it’s a negotiation partner. Armed with AI-driven insights, businesses can engage in informed discussions with SaaS providers, leveraging data-backed arguments to secure more favorable contracts. Negotiating from a position of strength is the cornerstone of smart cost management.<\/p>\n

      As we’ve seen from real-world examples, companies are reaping the rewards of AI-powered SaaS cost optimization. They are reducing expenses, reallocating resources, and making strategic decisions that position them for long-term success. In the face of unpredictable pricing landscapes, AI is the ally that empowers organizations to take control of their software costs.<\/p>\n

      In conclusion, the era of SaaS price hikes need not be a source of anxiety or frustration. Instead, it’s an opportunity for businesses to embrace AI-powered solutions that provide clarity, control, and cost-effectiveness. As AI continues to evolve, its role in shielding businesses against SaaS price hikes is destined to become even more indispensable, enabling organizations to thrive in a digital world where innovation meets fiscal responsibility.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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