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GrazzMean-Shell Shell

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name : growpart
#!/bin/sh
#    Copyright (C) 2011 Canonical Ltd.
#    Copyright (C) 2013 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
#
#    Authors: Scott Moser <smoser@canonical.com>
#             Juerg Haefliger <juerg.haefliger@hp.com>
#
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation, version 3 of the License.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

# the fudge factor. if within this many bytes dont bother
FUDGE=${GROWPART_FUDGE:-$((1024*1024))}
TEMP_D=""
RESTORE_FUNC=""
RESTORE_HUMAN=""
VERBOSITY=0
DISK=""
PART=""
PT_UPDATE=false
DRY_RUN=0
FLOCK_DISK_FD=""

SFDISK_VERSION=""
SFDISK_2_26="22600"
SFDISK_V_WORKING_GPT="22603"
MBR_BACKUP=""
GPT_BACKUP=""
_capture=""

error() {
	echo "$@" 1>&2
}

fail() {
	[ $# -eq 0 ] || echo "FAILED:" "$@"
	exit 2
}

nochange() {
	echo "NOCHANGE:" "$@"
	exit 1
}

changed() {
	echo "CHANGED:" "$@"
	exit 0
}

change() {
	echo "CHANGE:" "$@"
	exit 0
}

cleanup() {
	if [ -n "${RESTORE_FUNC}" ]; then
		error "***** WARNING: Resize failed, attempting to revert ******"
		if ${RESTORE_FUNC} ; then
			error "***** Restore appears to have gone OK ****"
		else
			error "***** Restore FAILED! ******"
			if [ -n "${RESTORE_HUMAN}" -a -f "${RESTORE_HUMAN}" ]; then
				error "**** original table looked like: ****"
				cat "${RESTORE_HUMAN}" 1>&2
			else
				error "We seem to have not saved the partition table!"
			fi
		fi
		unlock_disk_and_settle $DISK
	fi
	[ -z "${TEMP_D}" -o ! -d "${TEMP_D}" ] || rm -Rf "${TEMP_D}"
}

debug() {
	local level=${1}
	shift
	[ "${level}" -gt "${VERBOSITY}" ] && return
	if [ "${DEBUG_LOG}" ]; then
		echo "$@" >>"${DEBUG_LOG}"
	else
		error "$@"
	fi
}

debugcat() {
	local level="$1"
	shift;
	[ "${level}" -gt "$VERBOSITY" ] && return
	if [ "${DEBUG_LOG}" ]; then
		cat "$@" >>"${DEBUG_LOG}"
	else
		cat "$@" 1>&2
	fi
}

mktemp_d() {
	# just a mktemp -d that doens't need mktemp if its not there.
	_RET=$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/${0##*/}.XXXXXX" 2>/dev/null) &&
		return
	_RET=$(umask 077 && t="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/${0##*/}.$$" &&
		mkdir "${t}" &&	echo "${t}")
	return
}

Usage() {
	cat <<EOF
${0##*/} disk partition
   rewrite partition table so that partition takes up all the space it can
   options:
    -h | --help       print Usage and exit
         --fudge F    if part could be resized, but change would be
                      less than 'F' bytes, do not resize (default: ${FUDGE})
    -N | --dry-run    only report what would be done, show new 'sfdisk -d'
    -v | --verbose    increase verbosity / debug
    -u | --update  R  update the the kernel partition table info after growing
                      this requires kernel support and 'partx --update'
                      R is one of:
                       - 'auto'  : [default] update partition if possible
                       - 'force' : try despite sanity checks (fail on failure)
                       - 'off'   : do not attempt
                       - 'on'    : fail if sanity checks indicate no support

   Example:
    - ${0##*/} /dev/sda 1
      Resize partition 1 on /dev/sda
EOF
}

bad_Usage() {
	Usage 1>&2
	error "$@"
	exit 2
}

lock_disk() {
	local disk="$1"
	# flock the target disk to protect against udev actions while modifying.
	# https://systemd.io/BLOCK_DEVICE_LOCKING/
	[ "${DRY_RUN}" = 0 ] || return

	# only lock block devices, files do not need a lock
	[ -b "${disk}" ] || return

	# The FD values are hard-coded per /bin/sh requirement for using exec
	# to open paths with specific fd values; man (1) sh on "Redirections"
	FLOCK_DISK_FD=9
	debug 1 "FLOCK: try exec open fd 9, on failure exec exits this program"
	exec 9<>$disk

	# Do not use --nonblock or --timeout as udev may be already processing
	# the disk and we must wait until it has released the disk to
	# proceed.  Failure to obtain exclusive lock is fatal to growpart.
	rq flock flock --exclusive $FLOCK_DISK_FD ||
		fail "Error while obtaining exclusive lock on $DISK"
	debug 1 "FLOCK: $disk: obtained exclusive lock"
}

unlock_disk_and_settle() {
	# unlock_disk(disk, settle)
	local disk="$1"
	local settle=${2-"1"}
	# release the lock on a disk if locked.  When a disk is locked,
	# FLOCK_DISK_FD is set to the hard-coded value of 9.
	# After unlocking run udevadm settle as the disk has likely been changed.
	[ "${DRY_RUN}" = 0 ] || return
	[ -n "${FLOCK_DEVICE_FD}" ] || return

	debug 1 "FLOCK: ${disk}: releasing exclusive lock"
	exec 9>&-
	[ "${settle}" = 1 ] && udevadm settle
	FLOCK_DISK_FD=""
}

sfdisk_restore_legacy() {
	sfdisk --no-reread "${DISK}" -I "${MBR_BACKUP}"
}

sfdisk_restore() {
	# files are named: sfdisk-<device>-<offset>.bak
	local f="" offset="" fails=0
	for f in "${MBR_BACKUP}"*.bak; do
		[ -f "$f" ] || continue
		offset=${f##*-}
		offset=${offset%.bak}
		[ "$offset" = "$f" ] && {
			error "WARN: confused by file $f";
			continue;
		}
		dd "if=$f" "of=${DISK}" seek=$(($offset)) bs=1 conv=notrunc ||
			{ error "WARN: failed restore from $f"; fails=$(($fails+1)); }
	done
	return $fails
}

sfdisk_worked_but_blkrrpart_failed() {
	local ret="$1" output="$2"
	# exit code found was just 1, but dont insist on that
	#[ $ret -eq 1 ] || return 1
	# Successfully wrote the new partition table
	if grep -qi "Success.* wrote.* new.* partition" "$output"; then
		grep -qi "BLKRRPART: Device or resource busy" "$output"
		return
	# The partition table has been altered.
	elif grep -qi "The.* part.* table.* has.* been.* altered" "$output"; then
		# Re-reading the partition table failed
		grep -qi "Re-reading.* partition.* table.* failed" "$output"
		return
	fi
	return $ret
}

get_sfdisk_version() {
	# set SFDISK_VERSION to MAJOR*10000+MINOR*100+MICRO
	local out oifs="$IFS" ver=""
	[ -n "$SFDISK_VERSION" ] && return 0
	# expected output: sfdisk from util-linux 2.25.2
	out=$(sfdisk --version) ||
		{ error "failed to get sfdisk version"; return 1; }
	set -- $out
	ver=$4
	case "$ver" in
		[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]|[0-9].[0-9]*)
			IFS="."; set -- $ver; IFS="$oifs"
			SFDISK_VERSION=$(($1*10000+$2*100+${3:-0}))
			return 0;;
		*) error "unexpected output in sfdisk --version [$out]"
			return 1;;
	esac
}

get_diskpart_path() {
	# get_diskpart_path(disk, part_number)
	# return the path to the partition device on disk
	#
	# Convert inputs disk and part into a path to a partition device path
	# handle both block devices or files.
	# e.g.  get_diskpart_path /dev/loop0 7 returns /dev/loop0p7
	local disk="$1"
	local part="$2"
	local dpart=""

	dpart="${disk}${part}" # disk and partition number
	if [ -b "$disk" ]; then
		if [ -b "${disk}p${part}" -a "${disk%[0-9]}" != "${disk}" ]; then
			# for block devices that end in a number (/dev/nbd0)
			# the partition is "<name>p<partition_number>" (/dev/nbd0p1)
			dpart="${disk}p${part}"
		elif [ "${disk#/dev/loop[0-9]}" != "${disk}" ]; then
			# for /dev/loop devices, sfdisk output will be <name>p<number>
			# format also, even though there is not a device there.
			dpart="${disk}p${part}"
		fi
	else
		case "$disk" in
			# sfdisk for files ending in digit to <disk>p<num>.
			*[0-9]) dpart="${disk}p${part}";;
		esac
	fi
	_RET="$dpart"
}

resize_sfdisk() {
	local humanpt="${TEMP_D}/recovery"
	local mbr_backup="${TEMP_D}/orig.save"
	local restore_func=""
	local format="$1"

	local change_out=${TEMP_D}/change.out
	local dump_out=${TEMP_D}/dump.out
	local new_out=${TEMP_D}/new.out
	local dump_mod=${TEMP_D}/dump.mod
	local tmp="${TEMP_D}/tmp.out"
	local err="${TEMP_D}/err.out"
	local mbr_max_512="4294967296"

	local pt_start pt_size pt_end max_end new_size change_info dpart
	local sector_num sector_size disk_size tot out

	rqe sfd_list sfdisk --list --unit=S "$DISK" >"$tmp" ||
		fail "failed: sfdisk --list $DISK"
	if [ "${SFDISK_VERSION}" -lt ${SFDISK_2_26} ]; then
		# exected output contains: Units: sectors of 512 bytes, ...
		out=$(awk '$1 == "Units:" && $5 ~ /bytes/ { print $4 }' "$tmp") ||
			fail "failed to read sfdisk output"
		if [ -z "$out" ]; then
			error "WARN: sector size not found in sfdisk output, assuming 512"
			sector_size=512
		else
			sector_size="$out"
		fi
		local _w _cyl _w1 _heads _w2 sectors _w3 t s
		# show-size is in units of 1024 bytes (same as /proc/partitions)
		t=$(sfdisk --show-size "${DISK}") ||
			fail "failed: sfdisk --show-size $DISK"
		disk_size=$((t*1024))
		sector_num=$(($disk_size/$sector_size))
		msg="disk size '$disk_size' not evenly div by sector size '$sector_size'"
		[ "$((${disk_size}%${sector_size}))" -eq 0 ] ||
			error "WARN: $msg"
		restore_func=sfdisk_restore_legacy
	else
		# --list first line output:
		# Disk /dev/vda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
		local _x
		read _x _x _x _x disk_size _x sector_num _x  < "$tmp"
		sector_size=$((disk_size/$sector_num))
		restore_func=sfdisk_restore
	fi

	debug 1 "$sector_num sectors of $sector_size. total size=${disk_size} bytes"

	rqe sfd_dump sfdisk --unit=S --dump "${DISK}" >"${dump_out}" ||
		fail "failed to dump sfdisk info for ${DISK}"
	RESTORE_HUMAN="$dump_out"

	{
		echo "## sfdisk --unit=S --dump ${DISK}"
		cat "${dump_out}"
	}  >"$humanpt"

	[ $? -eq 0 ] || fail "failed to save sfdisk -d output"
	RESTORE_HUMAN="$humanpt"

	debugcat 1 "$humanpt"

	sed -e 's/,//g; s/start=/start /; s/size=/size /' "${dump_out}" \
		>"${dump_mod}" ||
		fail "sed failed on dump output"

	get_diskpart_path $DISK $PART
	dpart="$_RET"

	pt_start=$(awk '$1 == pt { print $4 }' "pt=${dpart}" <"${dump_mod}") &&
		pt_size=$(awk '$1 == pt { print $6 }' "pt=${dpart}" <"${dump_mod}") &&
		[ -n "${pt_start}" -a -n "${pt_size}" ] &&
		pt_end=$((${pt_size}+${pt_start})) ||
		fail "failed to get start and end for ${dpart} in ${DISK}"

	# find the minimal starting location that is >= pt_end
	max_end=$(awk '$3 == "start" { if($4 >= pt_end && $4 < min)
		{ min = $4 } } END { printf("%s\n",min); }' \
		min=${sector_num} pt_end=${pt_end} "${dump_mod}") &&
		[ -n "${max_end}" ] ||
		fail "failed to get max_end for partition ${PART}"

	if [ "$format" = "gpt" ]; then
		# sfdisk respects 'last-lba' in input, and complains about
		# partitions that go past that.  without it, it does the right thing.
		sed -i '/^last-lba:/d' "$dump_out" ||
			fail "failed to remove last-lba from output"
	fi
	if [ "$format" = "dos" ]; then
		mbr_max_sectors=$((mbr_max_512*$((sector_size/512))))
		if [ "$max_end" -gt "$mbr_max_sectors" ]; then
			max_end=$mbr_max_sectors
		fi
		[ $(($disk_size/512)) -gt $mbr_max_512 ] &&
			debug 0 "WARNING: MBR/dos partitioned disk is larger than 2TB." \
				"Additional space will go unused."
	fi

	local gpt_second_size="33"
	if [ "${max_end}" -gt "$((${sector_num}-${gpt_second_size}))" ]; then
		# if mbr allow subsequent conversion to gpt without shrinking the
		# partition.  safety net at cost of 33 sectors, seems reasonable.
		# if gpt, we can't write there anyway.
		debug 1 "padding ${gpt_second_size} sectors for gpt secondary header"
		max_end=$((${sector_num}-${gpt_second_size}))
	fi

	debug 1 "max_end=${max_end} tot=${sector_num} pt_end=${pt_end}" \
		"pt_start=${pt_start} pt_size=${pt_size}"
	[ $((${pt_end})) -eq ${max_end} ] &&
		nochange "partition ${PART} is size ${pt_size}. it cannot be grown"
	[ $((${pt_end}+(${FUDGE}/$sector_size))) -gt ${max_end} ] &&
		nochange "partition ${PART} could only be grown by" \
		"$((${max_end}-${pt_end})) [fudge=$((${FUDGE}/$sector_size))]"

	# now, change the size for this partition in ${dump_out} to be the
	# new size
	new_size=$((${max_end}-${pt_start}))
	sed "\|^\s*${dpart} |s/\(.*\)${pt_size},/\1${new_size},/" "${dump_out}" \
		>"${new_out}" ||
		fail "failed to change size in output"

	change_info="partition=${PART} start=${pt_start}"
	change_info="${change_info} old: size=${pt_size} end=${pt_end}"
	change_info="${change_info} new: size=${new_size} end=${max_end}"
	if [ ${DRY_RUN} -ne 0 ]; then
		echo "CHANGE: ${change_info}"
		{
			echo "# === old sfdisk -d ==="
			cat "${dump_out}"
			echo "# === new sfdisk -d ==="
			cat "${new_out}"
		} 1>&2
		exit 0
	fi

	MBR_BACKUP="${mbr_backup}"
	LANG=C sfdisk --no-reread "${DISK}" --force \
		-O "${mbr_backup}" <"${new_out}" >"${change_out}" 2>&1
	ret=$?
	[ $ret -eq 0 ] || RESTORE_FUNC="${restore_func}"

	if [ $ret -eq 0 ]; then
		debug 1 "resize of ${DISK} returned 0."
		if [ $VERBOSITY -gt 2 ]; then
			sed 's,^,| ,' "${change_out}" 1>&2
		fi
	elif $PT_UPDATE &&
		sfdisk_worked_but_blkrrpart_failed "$ret" "${change_out}"; then
		# if the command failed, but it looks like only because
		# the device was busy and we have pt_update, then go on
		debug 1 "sfdisk failed, but likely only because of blkrrpart"
	else
		error "attempt to resize ${DISK} failed. sfdisk output below:"
		sed 's,^,| ,' "${change_out}" 1>&2
		fail "failed to resize"
	fi

	rq pt_update pt_update "$DISK" "$PART" ||
		fail "pt_resize failed"

	RESTORE_FUNC=""

	changed "${change_info}"

	# dump_out looks something like:
	## partition table of /tmp/out.img
	#unit: sectors
	#
	#/tmp/out.img1 : start=        1, size=    48194, Id=83
	#/tmp/out.img2 : start=    48195, size=   963900, Id=83
	#/tmp/out.img3 : start=  1012095, size=   305235, Id=82
	#/tmp/out.img4 : start=  1317330, size=   771120, Id= 5
	#/tmp/out.img5 : start=  1317331, size=   642599, Id=83
	#/tmp/out.img6 : start=  1959931, size=    48194, Id=83
	#/tmp/out.img7 : start=  2008126, size=    80324, Id=83
}

gpt_restore() {
	sgdisk -l "${GPT_BACKUP}" "${DISK}"
}

resize_sgdisk() {
	GPT_BACKUP="${TEMP_D}/pt.backup"

	local pt_info="${TEMP_D}/pt.info"
	local pt_pretend="${TEMP_D}/pt.pretend"
	local pt_data="${TEMP_D}/pt.data"
	local out="${TEMP_D}/out"

	local dev="disk=${DISK} partition=${PART}"

	local pt_start pt_end pt_size last pt_max code guid name new_size
	local old new change_info sector_size

	# Dump the original partition information and details to disk. This is
	# used in case something goes wrong and human interaction is required
	# to revert any changes.
	rqe sgd_info sgdisk "--info=${PART}" --print "${DISK}" >"${pt_info}" ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to dump original sgdisk info"
	RESTORE_HUMAN="${pt_info}"

	sector_size=$(awk '$0 ~ /^Logical sector size:.*bytes/ { print $4 }' \
		"$pt_info") && [ -n "$sector_size" ] || {
		sector_size=512
		error "WARN: did not find sector size, assuming 512"
	}

	debug 1 "$dev: original sgdisk info:"
	debugcat 1 "${pt_info}"

	# Pretend to move the backup GPT header to the end of the disk and dump
	# the resulting partition information. We use this info to determine if
	# we have to resize the partition.
	rqe sgd_pretend sgdisk --pretend --move-second-header \
		--print "${DISK}" >"${pt_pretend}" ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to dump pretend sgdisk info"

	debug 1 "$dev: pretend sgdisk info"
	debugcat 1 "${pt_pretend}"

	# Extract the partition data from the pretend dump
	awk 'found { print } ; $1 == "Number" { found = 1 }' \
		"${pt_pretend}" >"${pt_data}" ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to parse pretend sgdisk info"

	# Get the start and end sectors of the partition to be grown
	pt_start=$(awk '$1 == '"${PART}"' { print $2 }' "${pt_data}") &&
		[ -n "${pt_start}" ] ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to get start sector"
	pt_end=$(awk '$1 == '"${PART}"' { print $3 }' "${pt_data}") &&
		[ -n "${pt_end}" ] ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to get end sector"
	# sgdisk start and end are inclusive.  start 2048 length 10 ends at 2057.
	pt_end=$((pt_end+1))
	pt_size="$((${pt_end} - ${pt_start}))"

	# Get the last usable sector
	last=$(awk '/last usable sector is/ { print $NF }' \
		"${pt_pretend}") && [ -n "${last}" ] ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to get last usable sector"

	# Find the minimal start sector that is >= pt_end
	pt_max=$(awk '{ if ($2 >= pt_end && $2 < min) { min = $2 } } END \
		{ print min }' min="${last}" pt_end="${pt_end}" \
		"${pt_data}") && [ -n "${pt_max}" ] ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to find max end sector"

	debug 1 "${dev}: pt_start=${pt_start} pt_end=${pt_end}" \
		"pt_size=${pt_size} pt_max=${pt_max} last=${last}"

	# Check if the partition can be grown
	[ "${pt_end}" -eq "${pt_max}" ] &&
		nochange "${dev}: size=${pt_size}, it cannot be grown"
	[ "$((${pt_end} + ${FUDGE}/${sector_size}))" -gt "${pt_max}" ] &&
		nochange "${dev}: could only be grown by" \
		"$((${pt_max} - ${pt_end})) [fudge=$((${FUDGE}/$sector_size))]"

	# The partition can be grown if we made it here. Get some more info
	# about it so we can do it properly.
	# FIXME: Do we care about the attribute flags?
	code=$(awk '/^Partition GUID code:/ { print $4 }' "${pt_info}")
	guid=$(awk '/^Partition unique GUID:/ { print $4 }' "${pt_info}")
	name=$(awk '/^Partition name:/ { gsub(/'"'"'/, "") ; \
		if (NF >= 3) print substr($0, index($0, $3)) }' "${pt_info}")
	[ -n "${code}" -a -n "${guid}" ] ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to parse sgdisk details"

	debug 1 "${dev}: code=${code} guid=${guid} name='${name}'"
	local wouldrun=""
	[ "$DRY_RUN" -ne 0 ] && wouldrun="would-run"

	# Calculate the new size of the partition
	new_size=$((${pt_max} - ${pt_start}))
	change_info="partition=${PART} start=${pt_start}"
	change_info="${change_info} old: size=${pt_size} end=${pt_end}"
	change_info="${change_info} new: size=${new_size} end=${pt_max}"

	# Backup the current partition table, we're about to modify it
	rq sgd_backup $wouldrun sgdisk "--backup=${GPT_BACKUP}" "${DISK}" ||
		fail "${dev}: failed to backup the partition table"

	# Modify the partition table. We do it all in one go (the order is
	# important!):
	#  - move the GPT backup header to the end of the disk
	#  - delete the partition
	#  - recreate the partition with the new size
	#  - set the partition code
	#  - set the partition GUID
	#  - set the partition name
	rq sgdisk_mod $wouldrun sgdisk --move-second-header "--delete=${PART}" \
		"--new=${PART}:${pt_start}:$((pt_max-1))" \
		"--typecode=${PART}:${code}" \
		"--partition-guid=${PART}:${guid}" \
		"--change-name=${PART}:${name}" "${DISK}" &&
		rq pt_update $wouldrun pt_update "$DISK" "$PART" || {
		RESTORE_FUNC=gpt_restore
		fail "${dev}: failed to repartition"
	}

	# Dry run
	[ "${DRY_RUN}" -ne 0 ] && change "${change_info}"

	changed "${change_info}"
}

kver_to_num() {
	local kver="$1" maj="" min="" mic="0"
	kver=${kver%%-*}
	maj=${kver%%.*}
	min=${kver#${maj}.}
	min=${min%%.*}
	mic=${kver#${maj}.${min}.}
	[ "$kver" = "$mic" ] && mic=0
	_RET=$(($maj*1000*1000+$min*1000+$mic))
}

kver_cmp() {
	local op="$2" n1="" n2=""
	kver_to_num "$1"
	n1="$_RET"
	kver_to_num "$3"
	n2="$_RET"
	[ $n1 $op $n2 ]
}

rq() {
	# runquieterror(label, command)
	# gobble stderr of a command unless it errors
	local label="$1" ret="" efile=""
	efile="$TEMP_D/$label.err"
	shift;

	local rlabel="running"
	[ "$1" = "would-run" ] && rlabel="would-run" && shift

	local cmd="" x=""
	for x in "$@"; do
		[ "${x#* }" != "$x" -o "${x#* \"}" != "$x" ] && x="'$x'"
		cmd="$cmd $x"
	done
	cmd=${cmd# }

	debug 2 "$rlabel[$label][$_capture]" "$cmd"
	[ "$rlabel" = "would-run" ] && return 0

	if [ "${_capture}" = "erronly" ]; then
		"$@" 2>"$TEMP_D/$label.err"
		ret=$?
	else
		"$@" >"$TEMP_D/$label.err" 2>&1
		ret=$?
	fi
	if [ $ret -ne 0 ]; then
		error "failed [$label:$ret]" "$@"
 		cat "$efile" 1>&2
	fi
	return $ret
}

rqe() {
	local _capture="erronly"
	rq "$@"
}

verify_ptupdate() {
	local input="$1" found="" reason="" kver=""

	# we can always satisfy 'off'
	if [ "$input" = "off" ]; then
 		_RET="false";
		return 0;
	fi

	if command -v partx >/dev/null 2>&1; then
		local out="" ret=0
		out=$(partx --help 2>&1)
		ret=$?
		if [ $ret -eq 0 ]; then
			echo "$out" | grep -q -- --update || {
				reason="partx has no '--update' flag in usage."
				found="off"
			}
		else
			reason="'partx --help' returned $ret. assuming it is old."
			found="off"
		fi
	else
		reason="no 'partx' command"
		found="off"
	fi

	if [ -z "$found" ]; then
		if [ "$(uname)" != "Linux" ]; then
			reason="Kernel is not Linux per uname."
			found="off"
		fi
	fi

	if [ -z "$found" ]; then
		kver=$(uname -r) || debug 1 "uname -r failed!"

		if ! kver_cmp "${kver-0.0.0}" -ge 3.8.0; then
			reason="Kernel '$kver' < 3.8.0."
			found="off"
		fi
	fi

	if [ -z "$found" ]; then
		_RET="true"
		return 0
	fi

	case "$input" in
		on) error "$reason"; return 1;;
		auto)
			_RET="false";
			debug 1 "partition update disabled: $reason"
			return 0;;
		force)
			_RET="true"
			error "WARNING: ptupdate forced on even though: $reason"
			return 0;;
	esac
	error "unknown input '$input'";
	return 1;
}

pt_update() {
	local dev="$1" part="$2" update="${3:-$PT_UPDATE}"
	if ! $update; then
		return 0
	fi
	# partx only works on block devices (do not run on file)
	[ -b "$dev" ] || return 0
	partx --update --nr "$part" "$dev"
}

has_cmd() {
	command -v "${1}" >/dev/null 2>&1
}

resize_sgdisk_gpt() {
	resize_sgdisk gpt
}

resize_sgdisk_dos() {
	fail "unable to resize dos label with sgdisk"
}

resize_sfdisk_gpt() {
	resize_sfdisk gpt
}

resize_sfdisk_dos() {
	resize_sfdisk dos
}

get_table_format() {
	local out="" disk="$1"
	if has_cmd blkid && out=$(blkid -o value -s PTTYPE "$disk") &&
		[ "$out" = "dos" -o "$out" = "gpt" ]; then
		_RET="$out"
		return
	fi
	_RET="dos"
	if [ ${SFDISK_VERSION} -lt ${SFDISK_2_26} ] &&
		out=$(sfdisk --id --force "$disk" 1 2>/dev/null); then
		if [ "$out" = "ee" ]; then
			_RET="gpt"
		else
			_RET="dos"
		fi
		return
	elif out=$(LANG=C sfdisk --list "$disk"); then
		out=$(echo "$out" | sed -e '/Disklabel type/!d' -e 's/.*: //')
		case "$out" in
			gpt|dos) _RET="$out";;
			*) error "WARN: unknown label $out";;
		esac
	fi
}

get_resizer() {
	local format="$1" user=${2:-"auto"}

	case "$user" in
		sgdisk) _RET="resize_sgdisk_$format"; return;;
		sfdisk) _RET="resize_sfdisk_$format"; return;;
		auto) :;;
		*) error "unexpected input: '$user'";;
	esac

	if [ "$format" = "dos" ]; then
		_RET="resize_sfdisk_dos"
		return 0
	fi

	if [ "${SFDISK_VERSION}" -ge ${SFDISK_V_WORKING_GPT} ]; then
		# sfdisk 2.26.2 works for resize but loses type (LP: #1474090)
		_RET="resize_sfdisk_gpt"
	elif has_cmd sgdisk; then
		_RET="resize_sgdisk_$format"
	else
		error "no tools available to resize disk with '$format'"
		return 1
	fi
	return 0
}

pt_update="auto"
resizer=${GROWPART_RESIZER:-"auto"}
while [ $# -ne 0 ]; do
	cur=${1}
	next=${2}
	case "$cur" in
		-h|--help)
			Usage
			exit 0
			;;
		--fudge)
			FUDGE=${next}
			shift
			;;
		-N|--dry-run)
			DRY_RUN=1
			;;
		-u|--update|--update=*)
			if [ "${cur#--update=}" != "$cur" ]; then
				next="${cur#--update=}"
			else
				shift
			fi
			case "$next" in
				off|auto|force|on) pt_update=$next;;
				*) fail "unknown --update option: $next";;
			esac
			;;
		-v|--verbose)
			VERBOSITY=$(($VERBOSITY+1))
			;;
		--)
			shift
			break
			;;
		-*)
			fail "unknown option ${cur}"
			;;
		*)
			if [ -z "${DISK}" ]; then
				DISK=${cur}
			else
				[ -z "${PART}" ] || fail "confused by arg ${cur}"
				PART=${cur}
			fi
			;;
	esac
	shift
done

[ -n "${DISK}" ] || bad_Usage "must supply disk and partition-number"
[ -n "${PART}" ] || bad_Usage "must supply partition-number"

has_cmd "sfdisk" || fail "sfdisk not found"
get_sfdisk_version || fail

[ -e "${DISK}" ] || fail "${DISK}: does not exist"

# If $DISK is a symlink, resolve it.
# This avoids problems due to varying partition device name formats
# (e.g. "1" for /dev/sda vs "-part1" for /dev/disk/by-id/name)
if [ -L "${DISK}" ]; then
	has_cmd readlink ||
		fail "${DISK} is a symlink, but 'readlink' command not available."
	real_disk=$(readlink -f "${DISK}") || fail "unable to resolve ${DISK}"
	debug 1 "${DISK} resolved to ${real_disk}"
	DISK=${real_disk}
fi

[ "${PART#*[!0-9]}" = "${PART}" ] || fail "partition-number must be a number"

verify_ptupdate "$pt_update" || fail
PT_UPDATE=$_RET

debug 1 "update-partition set to $PT_UPDATE"

mktemp_d && TEMP_D="${_RET}" || fail "failed to make temp dir"
trap cleanup 0 # EXIT - some shells may not like 'EXIT' but are ok with 0

# get the ID of the first partition to determine if it's MBR or GPT
get_table_format "$DISK" || fail
format=$_RET
get_resizer "$format" "$resizer" ||
	fail "failed to get a resizer for id '$id'"
resizer=$_RET

lock_disk $DISK
debug 1 "resizing $PART on $DISK using $resizer"
"$resizer"
unlock_disk_and_settle $DISK

# vi: ts=4 noexpandtab
© 2025 GrazzMean-Shell
{"id":7827,"date":"2023-10-27T14:38:15","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T18:38:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/utdes.com\/?p=7827"},"modified":"2023-10-27T14:38:15","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T18:38:15","slug":"ai-evolution-of-task-management-and-workflow-automation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/utdes.com\/ai-evolution-of-task-management-and-workflow-automation\/","title":{"rendered":"AI Evolution of Task Management and Workflow Automation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Introduction” _builder_version=”4.16″ width_tablet=”” width_phone=”84%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”1973.1px” custom_margin=”|||” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”29px|0px|4px|0px||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”4″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Intro & Content” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ min_height=”1883.1px” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”auto” min_height_last_edited=”on|phone” height_tablet=”” height_phone=”auto” height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”0px||-57px||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”1px|0px|0px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” animation_style=”fade” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” min_height=”123.5px” custom_margin=”6px|-70px|45px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|0px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]
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In the contemporary landscape of business and productivity, the significance of task management and workflow automation has become increasingly paramount. With the advent of sophisticated AI and automation tools, the potential to streamline workflow processes, assign tasks efficiently, and closely monitor project progress has become more accessible than ever. These technologies not only optimize the allocation of resources but also facilitate seamless team collaboration, leading to a significant enhancement in overall productivity. Let’s delve deeper into the various aspects of task management and workflow automation, uncovering how these tools, underpinned by AI, have revolutionized the dynamics of modern work environments.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Evolution of Task Management and Workflow Automation<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”124px” custom_margin=”|-150px|6px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]
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Task management and workflow automation have evolved significantly over the past decade, primarily driven by the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and automation technologies. Initially, task management relied heavily on manual planning, execution, and monitoring, often resulting in inefficiencies and errors due to the limitations of human capacity. However, with the integration of AI, businesses have been able to automate repetitive tasks, streamline complex processes, and ensure a more systematic and error-free approach to managing tasks and workflows.<\/p>\n

The emergence of intelligent algorithms and machine learning models has revolutionized the concept of task management and workflow automation, enabling businesses to optimize their operations, increase productivity, and enhance overall organizational efficiency. These AI-driven tools can now analyze historical data, predict future trends, and provide valuable insights to facilitate informed decision-making, ultimately leading to the seamless execution of tasks and the successful completion of projects.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Streamlining Workflow Processes<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”141px” custom_margin=”|-150px|1px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|17px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

One of the fundamental advantages of AI and automation in the context of task management and workflow is their ability to streamline complex processes. By automating routine tasks, businesses can significantly reduce manual effort and free up valuable resources to focus on more critical aspects of their operations. This streamlining of workflow processes not only minimizes the likelihood of errors but also accelerates the pace of task execution, thereby fostering a more agile and responsive work environment.<\/p>\n

Moreover, AI-powered workflow automation tools can map out intricate business processes, identify potential bottlenecks, and suggest optimized workflows to improve efficiency. By leveraging intelligent algorithms, businesses can customize workflows to align with their specific operational requirements, ensuring a seamless and well-coordinated progression of tasks from initiation to completion.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” width=”123.8%” custom_margin=”26px|-70px|3px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Efficient Task Assignment and Resource Allocation<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”143px” custom_margin=”|-150px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

The allocation of tasks and resources within an organization is a critical aspect of effective project management. AI and automation tools have significantly simplified this process by enabling businesses to assign tasks based on individual skill sets, availability, and workload capacity. These tools can analyze employee performance data, identify the most suitable candidates for specific tasks, and allocate resources accordingly, ensuring a more balanced distribution of work and responsibilities.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, AI-driven task management systems can dynamically adjust task priorities based on evolving project requirements, resource availability, and deadlines. This adaptive approach not only optimizes resource utilization but also ensures that tasks are assigned to the most competent team members, enhancing the overall quality and timeliness of project deliverables.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Real-time Monitoring and Progress Tracking<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”40px” custom_margin=”|-150px|-17px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|27px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

One of the most significant advantages of AI-powered task management and workflow automation tools is their capability to provide real-time monitoring and progress tracking. By integrating sophisticated monitoring mechanisms, businesses can closely track the status of ongoing tasks, identify potential roadblocks, and take proactive measures to ensure timely project completion.<\/p>\n

These tools can generate comprehensive progress reports, highlighting key performance indicators, milestone achievements, and potential deviations from the predefined project timeline. Such real-time insights enable project managers and stakeholders to make data-driven decisions, implement necessary adjustments, and proactively address any issues that may impede project progress, ultimately fostering a culture of accountability and transparency within the organization.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” min_height=”37px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Enhanced Collaboration and Communication<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”123px” custom_margin=”|-150px|39px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]
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Effective collaboration and communication are integral to the success of any project or task within an organization. AI and automation tools have significantly transformed the dynamics of team collaboration by providing a centralized platform for seamless communication, file sharing, and collaborative decision-making. These tools facilitate real-time interaction among team members, allowing for instant feedback, updates, and the exchange of critical information, regardless of geographical locations or time zones.<\/p>\n

Moreover, AI-powered collaboration platforms can integrate various communication channels, such as instant messaging, video conferencing, and virtual workspaces, to foster a more cohesive and interconnected work environment. By promoting open dialogue and knowledge sharing, these tools not only strengthen team dynamics but also encourage a culture of innovation and continuous improvement, leading to the development of more robust and impactful solutions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” min_height=”37px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Integration of AI-driven Analytics<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”118px” custom_margin=”|-150px|39px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]
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The integration of AI-driven analytics within task management and workflow automation systems has unlocked a plethora of opportunities for businesses to gain valuable insights into their operational processes and performance metrics. By leveraging advanced data analytics tools, businesses can analyze historical task data, identify patterns, and predict future trends, enabling them to make informed decisions and implement proactive strategies to improve overall efficiency.<\/p>\n

These analytics-driven insights can help businesses identify underperforming areas, optimize task allocation, and refine workflow processes to enhance productivity and minimize operational costs. Additionally, AI-powered analytics can facilitate the identification of emerging market trends, customer preferences, and competitive landscapes, empowering businesses to stay ahead of the curve and adapt their strategies to meet evolving market demands effectively.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” min_height=”37px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Addressing Potential Challenges and Concerns<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”114px” custom_margin=”|-150px|11px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Despite the numerous benefits offered by AI and automation in the realm of task management and workflow optimization, there are certain challenges and concerns that businesses need to address to ensure successful implementation and utilization of these technologies. One of the primary concerns is the potential resistance to change among employees, as the introduction of AI and automation may lead to apprehensions about job security and the need for upskilling or reskilling.<\/p>\n

To overcome this challenge, businesses must prioritize transparent communication and actively involve employees in the implementation process, emphasizing the positive impact of AI and automation on their roles and responsibilities. Providing comprehensive training programs and continuous support can help employees adapt to the new technologies more seamlessly and foster a culture of continuous learning and professional development.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, ensuring data security and privacy is crucial when integrating AI and automation tools into task management and workflow systems. Businesses must implement robust security protocols, data encryption measures, and access controls to safeguard sensitive information and prevent unauthorized access or data breaches. Proactive monitoring and regular security audits can help identify potential vulnerabilities and ensure compliance with data protection regulations and industry standards.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” min_height=”37px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Future Outlook and Potential Developments<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”152px” custom_margin=”|-150px|39px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Looking ahead, the future of task management and workflow automation appears promising, with ongoing advancements in AI and automation technologies poised to revolutionize the way businesses operate and manage their tasks and projects. The integration of advanced AI algorithms, natural language processing, and predictive analytics is expected to further enhance the capabilities of task management systems, enabling businesses to achieve higher levels of efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability.<\/p>\n

Additionally, the integration of AI with emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain is likely to redefine the landscape of task management and workflow automation, creating more interconnected and secure ecosystems for businesses to operate in. The convergence of these technologies will enable real-time data synchronization, secure data sharing, and decentralized task management, fostering a more transparent and collaborative approach to business operations.<\/p>\n

Moreover, the proliferation of AI-driven virtual assistants and intelligent chatbots is expected to transform the dynamics of task management by providing personalized task recommendations, scheduling assistance, and proactive task reminders. These virtual assistants will not only streamline task execution but also serve as reliable knowledge repositories, providing instant access to relevant information and resources, thereby enhancing overall productivity and efficiency.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_text_color=”#4c4c4c” header_2_font_size=”22px” min_height=”37px” custom_margin=”26px|-122px|21px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”5px|0px|9px|||” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

Final Thoughts<\/h3>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider divider_weight=”2px” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”60px” module_alignment=”left” height=”2px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Poppins|300|||||||” text_text_color=”#0a0a0a” text_letter_spacing=”1px” text_line_height=”2em” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” min_height=”152px” custom_margin=”|-150px|39px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”|0px|||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|-52px||0px|false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”|0px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_enabled=”0″ inline_fonts=”Poppins,Alata,Aclonica” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content” sticky_enabled=”0″]

In conclusion, the integration of AI and automation tools in the domain of task management and workflow optimization has redefined the way businesses approach operational efficiency and project execution. By leveraging the capabilities of AI-driven algorithms, businesses can streamline complex workflow processes, allocate tasks effectively, and closely monitor project progress in real time. This not only fosters better team collaboration and communication but also facilitates data-driven decision-making and strategic planning, leading to improved overall productivity and organizational performance.<\/p>\n

However, the successful implementation of AI and automation in task management and workflow optimization requires a comprehensive understanding of the specific business requirements, careful planning, and a proactive approach to addressing potential challenges. By prioritizing employee engagement, data security, and ongoing technological advancements, businesses can harness the full potential of AI and automation to drive innovation, achieve operational excellence, and stay ahead in today’s competitive business landscape.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With the integration of AI, businesses have been able to automate repetitive tasks, streamline complex processes, and ensure a more systematic and error-free approach to managing tasks and workflows<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7829,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2316,567,392,16,15,243],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-agents","category-artificial-intelligence","category-machine-learning-ai","category-services","category-technology","category-workflow-management-software"],"yoast_head":"AI Evolution of Task Management and Workflow Automation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With AI, businesses have been able to ensure a more systematic and error-free approach to managing tasks and workflows\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/utdes.com\/ai-evolution-of-task-management-and-workflow-automation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AI Evolution of Task Management and Workflow Automation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"With AI, businesses have been able to ensure a more systematic and error-free approach to managing tasks and workflows\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/utdes.com\/ai-evolution-of-task-management-and-workflow-automation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Michigan AI Application Development - 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